Progressão referencial: análise das estratégias de referenciação em narrativas orais ribeirinhas

Abstract

This paper aims to study the strategies of referencing responsible for textual progression in oral narratives in the riverside community Vila de Amorim, in Santarém (PA). It has as theoretical basis the main postulations of Antunes (2010), Koch (2003, 2004, 2015, 2018), Koch and Elias (2006), Marcuschi (2007, 2008) and Cavalcante (2003, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2014) from which we analyze the processes in case. For these authors, under different theoretical perspectives, the referencing, as well as textual progression, consist in the construction and reconstruction of speech objects, in other words, the referents that we speak of are construct and reconstruct within the text, according to our perception of world, beliefs, attitudes and communicative processes. Thus, regarding the objectives that justify this paper, we present the referencing not only as a way to “pointing” at the extramental world, but as a wide and heterogeneous set of reconstruction activities of the factual world in discursive practices, which are mobilized in different socio-interactions in which these processes operate, exophorically (situational) and endophorically, now forward (projective) and now backward (retrospective), within the text, represented partially by cataphor and anaphor, making the text a universe of sequenced but non-linear relationships. The corpus of this paper totals 04 narratives collected, transcribed and analyzed. The analyses showed the main referential processes found, which are responsible for the textual progression in riverside oral narratives, the former are co-referential: referential introduction, direct anaphor and cataphor and the latter are not co-referential: indirect anaphors, associative anaphors and encapsulating anaphors. Before which, enable us to say that the referential processes are distinct and complex, but, roughly speaking, they are determined and result from socio-cognitive and cultural activities and, from the linguistic point of view, can never be random, therefore, there is no isomorphism but there is a chain of meanings, being a product of construction and reconstruction, which makes the text cohesive, and through the interlocutive relation of the subjects and the textuality factors, through sociointeractive language, the production of meaning occurs, the textual coherence. In this research, as well as for text Linguistics, it is important to show how the processes occur, therefore, as the scholars themselves say, we cannot construct a text grammar, but we can perceive and show how the text construct and reconstruct itself cohesively (linguistic aspects), coherently (semantic, cognitive) and presuppositional in the field of actions and intentions (pragmatic) and how important all of this is for the production of meaning, in the communication process, whether oral or written.