O desenvolvimento integral da criança com Síndrome de Down: um desafio à profissionais, família e educação

Abstract

The fight for the rights of people with disabilities is quite old. Through laws, decrees, etc., the disabled have achieved through the Constitution, the guaranteed rights that need to be fulfilled. With the advent of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, the disabled got several articles especially aimed at their causes. Among these articles – Article 203, Item IV, guaranteeing specialized education, where educational assistance to the disabled in the regular education network were legal achievements. Through the Brazilian Constitution, disabled people with special educational needs ensured the right to education, where in its article 206, Item I, it states “Equal conditions for access and permanence in school” and in article 208, Item I, it says that “Fundamental, compulsory education is free, even for those who have access to it at the right age”. Assured by law the right to education for all citizens, the disabled must enjoy special education that will provide the overall development of students, observing their needs, special differences, as well as their potential. The educational process that begins early with the first parent-child contacts, extending to the period of childhood, school, adolescence and adulthood, whose basic purpose is to offer People with Special Educational Needs - PNEEs a better quality of life, through the development of their potential aiming at a greater objective which is self-realization, learning, integration and independence. Down Syndrome, formerly called Mongolism, results from a genetic accident and its carriers are included among individuals who have mental disabilities. It is one among many other Syndromes that deserve prominence and importance in the social environment, being emphasized by several theorists who always seek to focus on them in the various areas of activity. In order to formalize a definition of what Down Syndrome is, it is necessary to clarify the Syndrome and then why it is called Down. According to Werneck, “Syndrome means a set of signs and symptoms that characterize a certain clinical condition. In the case of Down Syndrome, one of the symptoms is mental deficiency.” The name Down was a tribute that the French scientist Jerome Lejuene wanted to pay to the English physician John Langdon Down, who in 1866 already drew the attention of society to a group of children ignored until then and who, at birth, resembled each other. In view of this, it is considered that Down Syndrome can be defined as a set of typical characteristics that covers a certain segment of society and that brings as a consequence a delay in its development as a human being, regardless of race, creed or religion. social standing.