DSpace Coleção:
https://repositorio.ufopa.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29
2024-03-29T15:28:56ZCartografias da biogeofísica na Amazônia: Comunicação, Controvérsias e Redes da Tecnociência do Clima e Meio Ambiente
https://repositorio.ufopa.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1232
Título: Cartografias da biogeofísica na Amazônia: Comunicação, Controvérsias e Redes da Tecnociência do Clima e Meio Ambiente
Abstract: The phenomena of misinformation on the internet challenge the dissemination of scientific knowledge, especially climate and environmental studies in the Amazon. In this scenario, teaching and research institutions and their respective projects face the need to create knowledge management strategies to communicate and popularize results. Thus, in this thesis, a cartography of the controversies of biogeophysics in the Amazon region is presented, developed from the experience and communicational intervention at the Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry Laboratory of the Federal University of Western Pará (Ufopa), where the research group in Biogeophysics of the Amazon Region and Environmental Modeling (Brama) works together with a national and international collaboration network. The objective was to carry out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this socio-technical network. In Chapter 3, transmethodological procedures, based on the Actor-Network Theory (ANT), such as photographic and audiovisual recording; conceptual modeling; computational ontology in Protegé; creation of social networks and websites; monitoring cold and hot controversies about the environment in digital media; construction of the timeline of experience and controversies; interviews and transcription; writing of field trials/reports – were described. It is concluded that conceptual modeling and computational ontology, by representing and formalizing an observed environment, can contribute to the management and communication of scientific knowledge. However, they, not least isolated institutional marketing and journalism, may be the only strategies to be used to popularize scientific knowledge, in the face of scientific denialism and colonialism; of data and the intense processes of social datafication.2023-10-10T00:00:00ZVulnerabilidade e estratégias de auto-organização das comunidades quilombolas do Pará diante da pandemia de Covid-19
https://repositorio.ufopa.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1010
Título: Vulnerabilidade e estratégias de auto-organização das comunidades quilombolas do Pará diante da pandemia de Covid-19
Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of covid-19 in March 2020. The process of internalization of this disease in the Amazon happened quickly, reaching municipalities with little infrastructure and scarce health resources. Since then, on the national scene, the quilombola communities of Pará are among those that have suffered the most impacts from the pandemic. Without state support to monitor and control the disease in their territories, these communities have undertaken their own organizational strategies to minimize the effects of the pandemic. The research aim is analyze the vulnerabilities of the quilombola population of Pará in the covid-19 pandemic and the strategies used to cope with this disease. Research with qualitative methods, including field research, documentary research and participant observation in an exploratory and descriptive cross-sectional investigation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with quilombola leaders from different territories in Santarém. Through an invitation from the Coordination of Associations of Quilombo Remnant Communities of Pará (Malungu) and participation in the actions of the Omulu project, participant observations resulted in an accumulated experiences and enabled dialogues through interactive groups formed by quilombola residents in the territories of Santarém. In quilombos of Santarém, the Omulu project enabled the creation of a network of relationships among different partners for the implementation of humanitarian and communicative health actions to meet the demands of the quilombola population. Based on scientific evidence and on the local reality, they created mechanisms for emergency intervention, but which are still in place today. At the state level, Malungu has also invested in the dissemination of educational messages. Social media have proven to be an important educational communication tool to minimize the negative impacts caused by the pandemic. Among the combats prioritized by the quilombola collective organizations, the fake news received special attention, since they directly impacted the decision about vaccination. False news that linked vaccines to death risks, demonization and loss of humanity and autonomy were among the most relevant. The Covid-19 pandemic expressed how vulnerable the quilombola population of Pará is, especially in the programmatic dimension, since many territories have no health care or even no local health care professional, such as a health agent. However, with the history of struggles for rights, leaders and associations joined forces to seek strategies that were necessary to minimize the effects of the pandemic. The partnership with educational institutions was essential to form a group of volunteers who, on different fronts, acted to mitigate, for example, the impacts of fake news and educational activities, even in a virtual way, contributed to health education in time of pandemic. The reflexes of the pandemic in the quilombola territories of Pará are still experienced today, and the fight for better health in the territories continues, with the monitoring of strategies that take health care into the territories and the implementation of public policies with practices compatible with the rights and reality of the quilombola territories.2023-04-12T00:00:00ZImpactos ambientais decorrentes da ocupação urbana – Bela Vista do Juá, Santarém - Pará, Região Amazônica
https://repositorio.ufopa.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1009
Título: Impactos ambientais decorrentes da ocupação urbana – Bela Vista do Juá, Santarém - Pará, Região Amazônica
Abstract: This thesis aimed to evaluate the main socio-environmental impacts associated with the irregular occupation of Bela Vista do Juá, in the municipality of Santarém. As a way of assessing these impacts, surveys were carried out of secondary data from public bodies, and primary data from residents and occupation leaders, such as: evolution of occupation, infrastructure, sanitation, electricity, among other social aspects for the development of work, and for the generation of an ontological model. As main results, we can mention expansion of the consolidated area, largely by residents who did not have their own home, initially encouraged by people linked to social movements, focused on irregular occupations, often with the purpose of speculation, and generating the removal of a large part of the native vegetation, and the impermeability of the soil. The disorderly occupation causes flooding due to the lack of drainage, causing damage mainly in the low-lying areas, on the Fernando Guilhon Highway and near the end of Rua da Alegria, which, according to topographic mapping and indications given by residents, are the areas where most of the of flooding, and where the water quality of the wells was of lower quality, with high levels of nitrate and low dissolved oxygen related to the decomposition of organic matter and sewage. In addition to negative effects on groundwater quality, the water quality of Lake Juá is also affected by contamination, the lake has high levels of heavy metals, of which Cadmium, Lead, Copper was evaluated. Chromium, Iron, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel and Zinc, these alterations were marked for iron (1549.64 mg kg-1) and mercury (0.40 mg kg-1), being in disagreement with resolutions nº 420/2009 and 454/ 2012 C1 of Conama, specifically these metals have high natural concentrations in the Amazonian soil, and are released into the environment by the process of burning and deforestation, which corroborate the statement that the occupation generated environmental liabilities to the environment. These actions, such as deforestation, soil sealing and constructions made of highly reflective materials, generated a thermal island of heat in the Ocupation of Juá, with up to 16°C difference compared to forested areas, resembling the average temperature of the central areas of the cities and an average increase of 6 °C between 2013 and 2020. Based on the above, it can be concluded that the occupation process is already irreversibly consolidated, where it is in the process of annexation as a new district of the municipality. As future perspectives, it is expected to obtain more detailed information from this process for a better adequacy of urban planning and mitigation of environmental changes that affect the climate, such as the development of urbanization projects, drainage engineering, and afforestation in points of islands of heat, and the reforestation of the APP areas to protect
the lake against the carrying of debris from the adjacent areas, being a reference in future areas of urbanization, and thus bringing dignity to these populations.2022-12-15T00:00:00ZImpactos socioambientais de cheias e secas nas comunidades escolas de várzea de Santarém
https://repositorio.ufopa.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/1008
Título: Impactos socioambientais de cheias e secas nas comunidades escolas de várzea de Santarém
Abstract: The intensity of the seasonal dynamics of the river, associated with the extreme events caused
by climate change and the action of man in the territory, bring to the landscape of the floodplain
a deep inconstancy and vulnerability. Knowledge about the impacts of such events on schools
and riverside communities is still incipient and fragmented. This epistemological vacuum
contributes to the generation of misperceptions that are distant from the understanding of the
complex mosaic, physical, geographic, biological, ethnic and social, which forms the whole of
the floodplain. This research was carried out in the micro-regions Tapará, Urucurituba and
Aritapera, on Ilha Grande Tapará, north of the municipality of Santarém. It aimed to carry out
a socio-environmental diagnosis of the communities and identify the impacts of seasonality and
natural events and their extremes on the communities and schools of the floodplain, identify the
vulnerabilities and potential of the floodplain. The achievement of objectives was achieved
through a quantitative/qualitative, multi-method, interdisciplinary approach to data generation
and analysis. It is concluded that natural events and disasters, such as overgrown and fallen
land, seasonal and dry waters, have different impacts on communities. The Microregions under
the greatest environmental pressure from fallen and overgrown lands and pressure from
seasonal water extremes are: Aritapera and Urucurituba. The micro-region of Tapará has lower
exposure rates, but is subject to the unpredictability of these phenomena and the manifestation
of subsidence, which led to the interdiction and loss of three school buildings within 10 years.
The impacts of large and medium proportions on the physical structure resulted in the loss of
didactic and pedagogical material (maps, globes, books); equipment (wallets, boards, kitchen
utensils, school meals); eviction of students and teachers. There are multiple natural phenomena
and human interventions that contribute to the floodplain being an environment composed of
numerous vulnerabilities capable of affecting the school life of children and adolescents and
interfering and limiting pedagogical practice. The nuances of seasonal changes can surprise
each year, and thus reduce or increase the degree of vulnerability, sensitivity and exposure of
communities and schools. These phenomena generate consequences of several orders:
financial, emotional, geographic, environmental, limitations and damages to the exercise of
pedagogical practice in schools in the lowlands of Santarém. These events, potentiated by
climate change, present themselves as challenges2022-05-12T00:00:00Z