Usos intercambiais de recursos naturais e de modos de reprodução camponesa

Abstract

The community of Santa Maria – located in Eixo Forte region, left side of Fernando Guilhon freeway – has almost 40 years of foundation, by the occupation process initiated by peasants and subsequently by other non- peasant groups. Farm families brought with them the knowledge about the use of natural resources of the environments they lived in, adopting lifestyles influenced by the characteristics of the environment and the related social conditions. Considering social factors in their historical and political dimension and environmental phenomena in the ways where human populations interact in the environments they live in, I aim to analyze the conditions of natural resources use by residents of Santa Maria. The techniques used for data collection consisted of interviews proposition for construction of family social trajectories and observations in the work field. The field work was concentrated in the months of April and May of 2013 and return to spatial description of the plots in August of the same year. In regard to data analysis, the interviews were transcribed and analyzed by understanding the forms of categorization in the speech of the interviewees. In the first chapter I expose results found in the use of natural resources in places where the interviewees lived before occupying Santa Maria, a predominant occupation in the floodplain communities. In the second chapter, I analyze, from the beginning of the occupation in Santa Maria, I expose the main limitations encountered and opportunity to maintain the country condition. In the last chapter, I discuss the latest situation of the social configuration of the community, highlighting interferences of agrarian reform settlement project that has worked in social organization and perceptions about the nature and use of their resources.