Solos da região sudeste do município de Santarém, estado do Pará : mapeamento e classificação

Abstract

The process of land use with agricultural activities, studies and without advance directives, can cause serious soil degradation, and does not guarantee the sustainability of agricultural activity that is desired. Soil maps are essential for the development of economically viable agricultural areas with low environmental impact. Most soil surveys in Brazil have little detail, particularly in the Amazon region, which lacks information and soil maps. The aim of this study was to elaborate a map of reconnaissance soil medium intensity (scale 1:100,000 ) of an area east of the municipalities of Santarém - PA in order to provide more detailed information of the soils of this study area, assisting in the development of activities agricultural, environmental and academic. To make maps semidetailed soil were used satellite images of Landsat-5 in 5R4G3B colored composition, Radar images with Digital Elevation Model - DEM (SRTM, 2000), together with information gathered in the field by collecting samples, the Geographic information systems free (GIS). The geographic information system (GIS) was used QGIS free software, which minimized costs and showed good quality and accuracy during the process of mapping and research area. Quotas altimetry in the area ranged 6-250 m class predominant slope ranged 3-8 % (undulated relief). The results show that the Oxisols Yellow dystrophic clayey and medium constitute the largest proportion with 68.25 % of the total area surveyed. In portions of high slope Yellow PODZOLS occurred while near watercourses Epiaquic Haplustult occurred.