O FECHAMENTO DE ESCOLAS DO CAMPO DAS ÁGUAS E DA FLORESTA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO MUNICÍPIO DE AVEIRO-PARÁ

Abstract

The investigative study in education about the closing of rural, of the waters and of the forest schools pointed out in its bulge the reasons for the phenomenon, its implications and importance for the development of the populations of these territorial spaces. The denial of educational rights suffered by rural populations in Brazil is an evident reality, especially in the municipality of Aveiro-Pa. In the last twelve years 63 schools were shut down, a fact that served as an indicator of this study what had as general objective: to investigate the reasons for closing rural, of the waters and forest schools and its implications in the denial of educational rights in the municipality of Aveiro-Pará in the period from 2006 to 2018 and, as specific objectives: to identify motives that for the closure of schools in the rural, waters and forests schools, to analyse the implications caused by the closure of schools and to reflection the importance of theirs for the subjects and society. Qualitative nature research was developed by the method of case and a critical perspective that was theoretically based on Freire (1967, 1979, 1995); Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011); Mançano (2004), Munarim (2008,2015); Molina (2015); Hage (2005, 2014); Fernandes (2004, 2006); Adorno (1995) and others. The documents and statements exposed in the interviews were analyzed and interpreted using the content analysis technique with critical reflections about the subjects and their relations with the school, as well as political and organizational factors of the Municipal Education System. The categories of analysis emerged from the documentary research, which pointed out the genesis and evolution of school closures, and from the interviews, which emerged the motives as a principle of denial of rights and the socio-educational implications and, the importance of the school, emphasizing the expectations of the subjects for a school and education consistent with the rural amazonia of settlement, floodplain and forest. It was evidenced that cost-benefit was the main factor for closing schools in the view of the public power and the evasion of adolescents from the community and consequent emptying of rural territory negatively implicated in the lives of both those who leave and who stay.