Bem-estar e estresse de crianças em ensino por meios digitais durante a pandemia Covid-19 em Santarém, Pará, Brasil

Abstract

Worldwide public health problems have always existed throughout history. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated many infections and non-pharmacological measures of individual scope had to be implemented by government bodies: frequent hand hygiene, use of masks, distancing and social isolation. An important change caused by preventative actions referred to the closing of schools and the adoption, in private institutions, of teaching by digital means. Students, teachers and other professionals in the educational area in these institutions had their routines modified. Children stopped going to school and started taking classes through digital means. This dissertation analyzed the subjective well-being and stress of children aged 8 to 12 years in digital education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. The following instruments were used for data collection: Sociodemographic data questionnaire; Children's Stress Scale, the Children's Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale (EMSVC) and Children's Global Life Satisfaction Scale, all via Google Forms. Data from questionnaires and scales were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation between variables and logistic regression. A similarity analysis of the qualitative data was performed using the Iramuteq software. 44 students participated in the research, most of them female (52.3%), in blended teaching (56.8%). Participants have used their laser time in internet games. The Family domain of the Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale for Children had higher scores (4.54±0.45). The Global Life Satisfaction Scale showed a high average (4.33 points). The Child Stress Scale revealed that the children were in a normal phase, with some in the alert and even resistance phase. There was a strong positive correlation between the Family domain (r = 0.70; p-value < 0.05) and the self-domain (r = 0.70; p-value < 0.001). The higher the value of the predictor variable (Family domain), the lower the chances of a child belonging to the Resistance category, around 92% (1–0.08). Therefore, the family domain is an important component of the participants' well-being, as well as a protective factor against childhood stress.