Análise de genotoxicidade e níveis de mercúrio em Hoplias malabaricus (PISCES – CHARACIFORMES) de duas áreas da bacia do Rio Tapajós
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2017-04-12Autor
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3947797671594701
SILVA, Christian Diniz Lima e
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The Tapajós river basin has been affected by the mercurial contamination derived from the process of deforestation in riparian forests and gold mining activities. The Mercury (Hg), because it has the ability to bioaccumulate through the food chain, maximizes its harmful effects on piscivorous fish species. High levels of Hg were observed in fish from the Tapajós River, and the consumption of contaminated fish in this region is considered an important route of human exposure. In the present work, we investigated the levels of mercury in fresh muscle tissue of Hoplias malabaricus, as well as the levels of genotoxic damage in erythrocytes through the micronucleus test (MN) and comet assay (EC). We analyzed 10 individuals from Lake Juá, Tapajós River (Region of the municipality of Santarém) and 15 of the Crepori River (Region of the municipality of Itaituba). In the population of Juá Lake we observed average values of mercury (Hg) 0.46 mg.kg-1; MN frequency of 0.05%, ANE frequency of 0.59% and score of damage index of 68.1. On the other hand, in the population of the Crepori River, the observed values were Hg of 1.26 mg.kg-1; MN of 0.09%, ANE of 0.57% and score of damage of 156.9. The comparisons between the two populations showed statistical difference for mercury level and DNA damage index (p<0.05). Although there was no difference between MN and ANE between the studied sites, does not mean absence of genotoxic effects, since the presence of MN and ANE are comes from a possible clastogenic and/or aneugenic effect. The H. malabaricus population of the Crepori River had a higher index of genotoxic / cellular damage and of total Hg concentration. The proximity of this river to gold mining areas might explain the highest level of observed Hg.
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