“Felicidade? é quando a gente brinca": relações entre brincadeiras e o bem-estar subjetivo de crianças ribeirinhas em uma comunidade no Oeste do Pará

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the implications of playing on the subjective well-being ofriverside children in the western region of Pará. PAN. Data collection for this research took place in two stages. Initially, the application of instruments for quantitative analysis of subjective wellbeing, the Children's Global Life Satisfaction Scale and the Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale for Children were applied. In the second stage, qualitative measurement was carried out, through a semi-structured interview referring to the concept of happiness. Concerning the characterization of play, two instruments were used: the drawing as a tool for the portrayal of the spaces of play, then a semi-structured interview was carried out, whose script covered questions about the characterization of the designed places and what types of games were performed in these spaces. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the scales using means, standard deviation and percentiles. The analyzes of the drawings were carried out using frequency tables and categorized by types of games; for voice data, the Collective Subject Discourse technique was used. The results indicate that the sample in question presents a high level of global satisfaction, with averages of 4.62 for both sexes, values close to 5, the highest value of the scale score. Regarding the analysis by domain, the highest averages were concentrated in the domains school (m=4.51; sd=0.16), family (m=4.47; sd=0.34) and friendship (m=4.20 ; dp=0.42), these being the domains that most influence the subjective wellbeing of these children. The results found in the subjective measures reiterated those obtained in the objective measures, however, they brought as an additional factor, playing as an important component in the subjective well-being of children living in this context. As for playing itself, the analyzes indicated a predominance of play among pairs, with a preference for outdoor environments, which are characterized as "children's spaces", considering that although they are spaces not planned for play, they are appropriated and used by children. to this end. In addition, the categorizations of games indicate the prevalence of games of rules, physical contingency, sensorimotor exercise and symbolic or imaginative games, which are characterized by traditional games. These results reveal the cultural plurality ofthe North region that covers different contexts, making it necessary to explore the variables related to the subjective well-being of children in different groups and the role of play in this well-being, an element that is not included in the Brazilian quantitative instruments that measure this concept. Therefore, there is a need to build and adapt instruments that more accurately investigate play as an integral part of children's subjective well-being, for children who live in different contexts.