Sustentabilidade urbana na Região de Integração do Tapajós: uma análise para os anos 2000 e 2010

Abstract

This study aims to investigate and analyze the levels of urban sustainability in the municipalities belonging to the Integration Region (IR) of Tapajós-Pará, for the years 2000 and 2010, as well as the main advances and setbacks related to sustainability in the region. The RI Tapajós is formed by six municipalities, and its urban formation was successful from countless economic, political and social actors over time, which provided development to the municipalities, however, it caused conflicts of different orders, highlighting the RI Tapajós, among the 12 Integration Regions of Pará, for presenting the worst socioeconomic and environmental indicators, thus expressing the need to investigate the levels of sustainability in that region. The study was carried out through the application of the Urban Sustainability Index System (SISU), an analysis system based on the use of indicators and variables, comprising: Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), the Political Capacity Index - Institutional (ICP) and the Environmental Quality Index (IQA). In a general scenario of sustainability for this region, regarding the MHDI, all the municipalities presented evolution in their indexes, with highlight to Aveiro, Novo Progresso and Trairão, which presented a greater increase between the studied period. For ICP, all municipalities also showed increases in their values, especially Jacareacanga and Trairão, expressing the highest percentages. As for the IQA, a reduction in the rates of Novo Progresso and Rurópolis is observed, due to an increase in automotive pressure, domestic consumption and a reduction in the vegetation coverage rates of these municipalities. In general, the indicators of the three indices indicate advances achieved by the municipalities between the studied period, however, setbacks that constitute challenges, and that need to be studied and better managed in order to achieve sustainable development in the region.