Caracterização física e potencial econômico dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares do município de Belterra - PA

Abstract

Solid waste, when disposed of incorrectly, has negative impacts both on the environment and on the health of the population, therefore, management measures are discussed to mitigate the problem, through studies capable of bringing relevant data to define strategies for management. integrated. The research aims to carry out the physical characterization of household solid waste: in terms of gravimetric composition and specific weight, as well as to evaluate the potential for recyclability of waste destined for landfills in the city of Belterra PA. This is an exploratory research, where there was field investigation, using the quartering technique as a sampling of solid waste to carry out gravimetry and to calculate the specific weight, a formula was used in which the weight of the residue is subtracted from the weight of the container, (Drum) obtaining the net weight, which is divided by the volume of the container (m³), thus obtaining the specific weight of the waste, for gravimetry. The values used were the arithmetic mean weight of each material divided by the total weekly average weight. To estimate the economic potential of waste that can be recycled, a methodology was used using gravimetry data, multiplying by the average amount paid per ton of each waste, based on the 2021 Yearbook of Recycling (Instituto Pragma and Associação Nacional dos Catadores - ANCAT). The research results indicate that the gravimetric composition of household solid waste from Belterra - PA concentrates 38% of organic matter, 23.5% of plastic. 6.7% paper, 3.1% glass and 1.4% metal, the specific weight of household solid waste in Belterra was equal to 491.31 kg/m³, considered high when compared to other places and the national average. The results of estimating the economic potential were approximately BRL 56,043.20 monthly and the annual value of BRL 672,518.40, considering only four materials (paper, plastic, glass and metal) that are recyclable and sold by associations and cooperatives. In conclusion, the recyclable solid waste that is sent to the landfill has recycling potential, generating income and strengthening the local economy.