Características agronômicas de Manhiot Esculenta em condições amazônicas

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) also known as manioc, cassava, table cassava, and manioc cassava is distributed throughout the country and much of the tropical world, serving as staple food for over 800 million people in the poorest tropical countries, the which depend on it for their survival. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of different macaxeira clones in Santarém in western Pará and to identify clones with high productivity. For this, an experiment was set up in the community of tabocal in the Santareno plateau. The variables analyzed were height (m), diameter (mm), shoot mass (t / ha-¹), yield (t / ha), number (n °) and mass (t / ha-¹) of commercial roots. and non-commercial, length (cm) and root diameter (mm), cooking time (min) and harvest index (%). The design was randomized blocks with 15 clones and 3 replications. The experiment was carried out from June 2018 to May 30, 2019. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% level. The soil type is argisol according to the result of soil analysis. Clone C4 had significant effects on height growth respectively (2.78 m), and for diameter (48.15 mm), fresh shoot mass (79.6t / ha-¹) number of commercial roots. (6.08t / ha-¹), for commercial root mass (50.8t / ha-¹), C9 for root length (36.10 cm), C15 for root diameter (73.2 mm), C4 Total yield (57.3t / ha) for number of non-commercial roots and mass of non-commercial roots was not significant. All clones showed productivity above the national and state average, especially clone C4 (57.3t / ha-¹), C13 (49.16t / ha-¹), C14 (42.6t / ha-¹) and C8 (41.1t / ha-¹), for cooking time were classified as good clones C10 with 18.50 and C11 with 16.91 minutes. In the phenotypic correlation yield (P) was positively and significantly correlated with the variable number of commercial roots (NRC) and commercial root mass (MRC)