Práticas agroecológicas utilizadas por produtores da Associação Tapajós Orgâni cos, Santarém e Mojuí dos campos, Pará.

Abstract

Organic agriculture has historically integrated agroecological practices within its regulatory structure, however, the growth of the organic market and the standardization of procedures have also resulted in some undesirable effects. Considering that organic agriculture is the fastest growing sustainable production system in the world, there is a controversial debate about the ability to use agroecological practices in management, disease and pest control and guaranteeing food production for the world population, at the same time at the same time, there is growing evidence that agroecology can reconcile the environmental, economic and social pillars of agricultural sustainability. Therefore, the general objective of the research was to understand the relationship between agroecological practices and organic agriculture. To this end, the dissertation was organized into two scientific articles, the first of which aimed to identify and analyze research that associates the themes 'agroecological practices' ' and 'organic farming'. To this end, bibliometric research was carried out with a search for scientific articles in the Scopus, Web of Science and SciELO databases, considering publications available until 07/31/2023. A combination of the following descriptors was used: “agroecological practices” and “organic farming”. 25 publications were found in the Scopus database, 14 in Web of Science and zero in Scielo. After careful selection, only seventeen articles were related to the objective of the study. A refined reading of all articles was carried out and it was observed that France stood out in the amount of research carried out, the largest number of publications was in the year 2021. The second article aimed to analyze agroecological management practices within the scope of organic agriculture carried out in the municipalities of Santarém and Mojuí dos Campos, Pará. The research was qualitative and quantitative in nature with semi-structured interviews. When analyzing management practices, everyone who participated in the research considered them to be efficient. As for the challenges of producing organically, they highlighted the siege of agribusiness, in which people living in the region are being forced to live with the use of pesticides on large crops and the lack of transport to transport production. Considering the analyzes carried out in the two articles, it was found that the use of agroecological practices in organic agriculture is linked to management, however, the choice is inherent to the reality of each producer, varying the form and degree of applicability. And regarding the perception of the farmers who participated in the field research, even with all the challenges, they reported that they consider this type of production system to be very positive, as they believe it has contributed to their health, that of consumers, and to the life maintenance. Therefore, the need to guarantee the right to produce and consume healthy food is highlighted, both for those who want to produce and for those who want to consume. To this end, there is an urgent need for a municipal public policy for the municipalities in the metropolitan region of Santarém, Pará.