Indústria De Cerâmica Vermelha: Um Caso De Injustiça Ambiental Na Cidade De Santarém- Pará

Abstract

Considering that in geography there are few studies reacting to environmental injustice focused on the Amazonian context, it has become extremely important to research the theme related to the case of environmental injustice generated by the operation of the red ceramic industry in the city of Santarém. Thus, the general objective of this work is to understand how the operationalization of the red ceramic industry can be configured as a case of environmental injustice in the city of Santarém and specifically: to analyze the origin of the fight against environmental injustice in the world, to identify how the environmental licensing process is carried out aimed at the red ceramic industry and characterizes the environmental impacts arising from the activities carried out by this industry in the study area. Research is then carried out with a qualitative approach, using bibliographic and documentary methodological procedures. In view of this, it was found that the fight for environmental justice in Brazil incorporated a new perspective in the face of the country's numerous social inequalities, as well as considering the importance of the various international documents and treaties for environmental protection and the guarantee of human rights. Being addressed, although the environmental licensing process aimed at the red ceramic industry is fundamental, given its high polluting and degrading potential, especially in Santarém, which has 30 companies in the sector, but only 11 are duly licensed by the Municipal Secretariat of Environment (SEMMA). It was also evident that among the impacts most reported by residents are the issue of smoke and soot from the chimneys of this ceramic, as well as the emission of noise and the large circulation of cars in the area, which affects the health and well-being of these people. in this area, which imposes the observation that environmental injustices are the result of the action of economic power on socially vulnerable groups, thus requiring a political disposition in the fight against this type of injustice so that there is not only the identification of it, but also a means of transformation, not only for those affected, but also for society in general.