A versatilidade da manteiga de murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru Mart.) para obtenção de sistemas de liberação modificada de fármacos

Abstract

Astrocaryum murumuru butter has a composition rich in fatty acids, such as oleic and uric acid, which favors the structuring in liotropic liquid-crystalline phases when in the presence of ideal amounts of water and tensoactive. that allow the incorporation of drugs with different polarities. Most of the taut stems used in the preparation of these systems are synthetic and may present irritation and toxicity to the skin, in addition to the high cost. Thus, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate a crystalline liquid system of modified release of a drug based on murumuru butter (scientific name) without the use of atensitor for application in vaginal mucosa. For this, two formulations were prepared, called F1 containing 50% butter, 40% tensoactive and 10% water, and F2 containing 90% butter and 10% water, both containing metronidazole. The oily phase was heated to 40º C, then water, metronidazole, and tensoactive in F1 were added. All formulations were characterized by polarized light microscopy (MLP). The analytical method for quantification of the drug was validated by spectrophotometry. Then, the water catchment assay was performed and the in vitro release profile was obtained by the diffusion technique in dialysis membrane. In the MLP assay, the formulations showed hexagonal phase characteristics. The method was accurate, presenting relative standard deviation (PrD) of 0.7% for intra-day accuracy and 1.2% for inter-day. The recovery content of the drug was 102% (DPR < 5%) for F1 and 99% for F2. In the water collection, F1 captured 22% of water in 1 h, and presented a maximum catchment rate of 45% in 12 h, while F2 captured only 26% of water for 1 h, suggesting that the formulation without surthesia captures water as well as the formulation containing suractive, which may be determinant in the speed of drug release. In the in vitro release study, F1 and F2 promoted the release of 68% and 74% of the drug in 12 h, respectively, demonstrating a sustained release profile of the drug for both formulations. Therefore, the formulation based on murumuru butter, without the use of tensoactive, presented itself as a versatile and promising liquid-crystalline release system for obtaining green, sustainable formulations with high added value and low productive cost.