Estudo de variações termo-higrométricas de cidade equatorial devido ao processo de urbanização: o caso de Santarém-PA

Abstract

The climate of an area presents great influence on the human activities. On the other hand, the man can also contribute to provoke alterations in the environment, that in many cases, they can be irreversible and harmful. One of the more accentuated meteorological modifications provoked by the urbanization process is the increase of the temperature of the air in relation to yours I spill rural adjacent. . This phenomenon is known as urban island of heat. With the objective of studying the influence of the urban structure on the behavior term-hygrometric in the city of Santarem - Para, besides the behavior of the phenomenon of the urban island of heat, is that intended the execution of this research, that it was developed in two times of the year, and whose results indicate the existence of great current meteorological alterations of the urbanization process in that city. The results indicated significant weather changes resulting from the urbanization process in this city. The intensity of the urban island of heat reached values of up to 2,9 C in faulty neighborhoods of vegetation and with intense urban activity, mainly in the schedule of 18:00 to 6:00 hours, and in conditions of clear sky and weak wind. The largest temperatures were observed in the lacking neighborhoods of vegetation and with prevalence of horizontal constructions, as in the neighborhoods of Santissimo and Caranazal, to the step that the smallest temperatures always happened in the very arborous neighborhoods and with great percentage of vertical constructions, as in the case of the Parque Municipal and neighborhoods of Nova Republica. The vegetation of an area of approximately 250m2 surrounding the collection point was one of the city that best correlated with changes in the term-hygrometric in the city of Santarem. Other work was the application of questionnaires with pedestrians in local data collection, in order to evaluate the sensation of thermal comfort in these spaces. It was found that the urban land use change affects both the temperature and humidity and the sensation of thermal comfort and discomfort that proves to be the most significant points located in areas of lower canopy.