O brincar de crianças quilombolas na comunidade de Tiningú em Santarém, Pará: contribuições para o desenvolvimento infantil.

Abstract

Child behaviors such as play and their relationship with development, such as those of quilombola communities, constitute a promising field of research due to the influence of environmental and sociocultural variables. General objective: analyze the contributions of the playing of children in the third childhood to the child motor development and subjective wellbeing of quilombola children. Local: Tiningú quilombola community, near the city of Santarém in Pará. Eighteen children participated, being 11 girls and 7 boys of third childhood. Data collect: for the data related to play, the drawing technique was used, followed by two questions related to the play spaces and the types of play; for motor performance evaluation, the Rosa Neto Motor Development Scale (2002) was used and for the subjective well-being data, a focus group was performed out with an interview script on happiness, life satisfaction and the feeling of community. Other than that, the field diary was used by the researcher. Data from the drawings and answers to the questions were transcribed and quantified. Data regarding motor development were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The children's speeches were recorded and transcribed into the field diary. Results: the data indicated that the children surveyed prefer to play outdoors. Gender differences were identified regarding play spaces: boys preferred places farther from their homes and girls chose closer spaces. Regarding the motor profile, the ratings showed satisfactory results (average = 96.92 months), within the normal range. The influencing factors for the averages rising were the results of the motor areas of fine, global and balance, while for the low were the results of Body Scheme, Spatial and Temporal Organization. Regarding the subjective well-being, play, family and friendship were identified as elements that contribute to children's subjective well-being. About contributions of play to motor development, it was identified that the spaces of play, the frequency of play in these spaces and the types of play can be factors that contribute to the results achieved in development. About subjective well-being, ball play, group play with friends, freedom and security to play in the community were identified as factors that contribute to the child subjective well-being.