Gestão da pesca na ilha de São Miguel, Santarém, Pará: mobilização política para acesso, uso e controle dos recursos pesqueiros locais
Resumen
This research aims to understand the fishery management through the community-based fishery
agreement and the management of pirarucu performed by the residents of São Miguel Island,
community located in the municipality of Santarém, west of state of Pará. Understanding the
strategies built and established from the political mobilization for the rational use of local
fishing resources. This research owns a qualitative boarding supported in ethnographic writing,
once this method allows to observing and analyze the culture of a certain society, between
looking, listening and writing the everyday practices noticed during the camp, besides of create
proximity ties between of researcher and researched. In the camp work the following procedures
were performed: documentary research trying to get in the documents (minutes of meeting,
residents association estatute and fishery deal) the rules and punishments established for the use
and conttrol of fishery in the Island; interviews and semistructured dialogue with the families
aims lifting the sociodemographic caracterization of community and the current fishery
situation from their perception; dialogues and semi structured interviews with the older
fishermen, seeking to perceive the strategies and actions currently carried out for the
maintenance of local fishery management; and; photographic records, visualizing the
landscapes, processes and dynamics of everyday life in the space lived in the community.
Nowadays, 44 families use and control the São Miguel Island territory, having as main source
the fishery activity. It should be noted that in the past, the local fishermen together with those
from outside made a large pressure in the lakes in search of fish leading to the exhaustion of
the local fishing stock. Seeking to get back to the fishing resource, community members of the
Island began to build and practice actions aimed at preserving and maintaining the resource in
question, as well os its extractive territories. These actions were elaborated in the agreement of
usufruct of 1974 and consolidated in the agreement of fishing of 1985 and in the management
of the Pirarucu in the year of 1997, maintained until the present days, that through the
fulfillment of the local rules evidence based on the collective action that deciding rules to fish
in the community's lakes provides local sustainability, evidenced by the rational use of fishing
resources, as well as ensuring the quality of life for all Islanders
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