Composição e diversidade de borboletas frugívoras em área de manejo florestal comunitário na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Pará, Brasil
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2013-04-26Autor
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4997769879365720
SILVA, Patricia Lopes da
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An endeavor to reduce predatory and illegal logging in Amazon is through timber forest
management. Tapajós National Forest was the first conservation unit created with the
management category and is regarded as a model of community timber forest management.
Therefore, its necessary to know about the relation between logging and fauna, aimed not
only economic sustainability, but also ecological. Thus, the objectives of this work were: (i)
elaborate a list of frugivorous butterflies of Tapajós National Forest; (ii) investigate
differences in the composition and diversity of frugivorous butterflies in an area of full timber
forest management, operated for six years, and a permanent preservation area; and (iii) assess
the seasonality frugivourous butterflies communities in an area of full timber forest
management, operated for six years, and a permanent preservation area in Tapajós National
Forest. For such, butterflies were collected during 12 months (from December 2011 to
November 2012) by Van Someren-Rydon traps, baited with fermented banana in sugar cane
juice in a high of 1.5 to 1.6 meters from the ground. Traps remained open for 5 consecutive
days, being inspected daily and bate being changed every 48 hours or when it was necessary.
To evaluate the difference in butterflies fauna composition and diversity between the areas the
following parameters were measured: richness (S), abundance (N), Shannon diversity and
uniformity index (H’ and E’), Berger – Parker dominance index (BP), constancy and
dominance. Similarity comparisons between the sampling units from areas and periods (+ rain
and – rain) were made by Bray-Curtis index through UPGMA method. Richness estimates
were made using procedures “Bootstrap”, “Chao 1”, “Chao 2”, “Jackknife 1”, “Jackknife 2”.
In the managed area were collected 483 specimens distributed in 56 species, 11 of which were
exclusive of this area. The following values were found: H’ = 3.18, E’ = 0.79, BP = 0.14. In
the permanent preservation area 351 specimens were collected distributed in 45 species, 22 of
which were exclusive of this area. the following values were found: H’ = 3.23, E’ = 0.85, BP
= 0.11. The frugivorous butterflies’ guild presented higher richness and abundance on the lass
rain period in both areas. The estimators predicted for the managed area 64-78 species and to
permanent preservation area, 57-53 species. The areas presented 57% of similarity. The
sampling units in the managed area were 71% similar and in 74% on the permanent preserved
area. The more rain period between the areas was 55% similar and the less rain period, 61%.
The results founded, with 1 year of sampling, show that frugivorous butterflies diversity
between the areas, with our without full logging management influence, it is not affected by
exploration time. However, it should be noted that permanent preserved area presented twice
as many exclusive species.
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