Indicadores e Cenários de Sustentabilidade da Produção Aquícola na região metropolitana de Santarém - PA, Brasil
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2019-02-28Autor
VALLE, Gina Cynthia Carneiro do
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Santarém and its metropolitan area, located in the Lower Amazon region - PA has great potential for the development of aquaculture activity and, therefore, to contribute to the supply of protein derived from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), tambatinga (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus brachypomus), pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) and matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus), as well as generating socioeconomic benefits for the Region. The problem that emerges from this process is the fact that it is an economic alternative, although at an early stage in the Amazon region, notably in the area of the Lower Amazon, where Santarém is located; because the Amazon has been under great pressure on the fishing resources. The present study discussed the sustainability of aquaculture activity in the Santarém - PA polygon and its metropolitan area (Santarém, Mojuí dos Campos, Belterra), based on the application of the sustainability assessment model based on the MESMIS methodology of (Management of Natural Resources incorporating Sustainability Indicators), based on information collected from fish farmers, associations, cooperatives, representatives of the agencies and development agencies directly linked to the theme. We conducted 46 interviews from December / 2015 to
November / 2016, photographic records and audits duly authorized by Ethics and Research Committee on Human Beings (CAAE): 50019915.8.0000.5168. The sustainability indicators candidates for use in the MESMIS were selected according to the Attributes: Productivity; Stability, Resilience, Reliability; Adaptability; Equity and self-management. The sustainability level was calculated based on the percentile obtained by each indicator according to the attribute to which it was associated for representation in the graphical form in Radar model and compared with the minimum level to be considered sustainable (P75%). Of all the attributes
analyzed, the only one that had a considerable sustainable indicator was Equity, with the 75% percentile, among the six listed in this attribute. The final calculation of the Relative Sustainability Index (IRS), which in the case of the studied polygon obtained the IRS (MED% = 29,29%) the percentile was (P75) = 32,53%, which is far from the level of sustainability . These results are relevant and show that despite the regional potential, the area of study faces the typical difficulties of developing regions and requires the strengthening of the sector to
solve the existing fragilities (promotion, integral technical follow-up, production expansion, improvement in the production integration, production incentives), to enable producers and institutions working in the sector to contribute to food security, labor supply and income generation for the actors involved in the aquaculture production chain regional.
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