Ficções especulativas e múltiplos fins do mundo: um ensaio antropológico

Abstract

The present work aimed to reflect on interspecific relations, links between societies and their "natural" surroundings, based on the debate of the so-called "multispecies turn" and in the interdisciplinary field of environmental humanities; in dialogue with indigenous knowledge, especially with Ailton Krenak, intellectual, environmentalist and indigenous leader. Acting as a methodology, due to the pandemic, bibliographic readings, web searches, videos, class and interview. Resulting in a mosaic of blurred borders, of knowledge and reflections about Anthropocenes, instead of Anthropocene, given that, due to the imposition of Western “culture”, on other bodies and beings, the further away from this pattern, the more crossings, violent, focus on these bodies and beings. Therefore, it is necessary to decentralize and pluralize. This Cartesian, Manichean imposition proves to be a project of extermination against diversity, the multiple ways of being and being; of life. From this, once inserted in contemporary discussions, it starts with a discussion with the literature of Speculative Fiction (SF), in order to find multinaturalist translations between bodies and beings, since fiction can go beyond classical ethnography, historically paralyzed by these barriers. For this, it was necessary to read three key authors whose literary works were taken up in the contemporary scene beyond the human, the multispecies ethnographies and the thinking about the Anthropocene and Capitalocene. The result is that, although the removal of the “human” from the “center of the universe” is essential, one cannot forget the questions about which human we are talking about, in addition to being of equal importance that we seek to repair the damage caused, since they cannot be repaired. erased, nor should they be forgotten. A stance of counter-monoculture and pro-diversity beyond people is essential, but this cannot mean forgetting the consequences of that same human being at the center of the universe, in what concerns the experiences of counter-hegemonic people.