O NOVO MAIS EDUCAÇÃO E OS LIMITES DAS REFORMAS EDUCACIONAIS NO CONTEXTO DE CRISE ESTRUTURAL DO CAPITAL

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the Mais Educação Program and its reformulation, the Novo Mais Educação Program, as well as the limits of educational reforms within the sociometabolic capital ordering and the current structural crisis from István Mészáros‘ perspective. Based on the Marxist theory of the State, a bibliographic investigation was carried, where the panorama of the links between the figure of the State and the capitalist mode of production were summarized. This foundation allowed us to substantiate the integral education trajectory in Brazil, as well as reformism in the educational field, which led to the realization that, in recent decades, the neoliberalism logic, which is nothing more than an economic and social order inherent to the structural capital crisis, is predominant in the core of public policies aimed at integral education. Under this perspective, we demonstrate that the Mais Educação Program was created and implemented at a time of neoliberalism relativization in Brazil, during the PT governments of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff. In this context, we highlight the fact that this initial integral education policy, despite many limitations, contains elements for improvement, which did not occur due to the discontinuity of the original proposal by Michel Temer‘s ultraneoliberal government, with the creation the Novo Mais Educação Program, which focused on the needs of the labor market. This transition proves that reformisms display serious limitations for the education field, since every intracapital educational system has limitations, since this type of system reflects class society and inequality, making the need to ponder education beyond capital clear.