A precarização do trabalho docente na educação infantil no Município de Santarém/PA

Abstract

The present research has as its theme the precariousness of the teaching work in Kindergarten in the municipality of Santarém, state of Pará. To contextualize the researches problem, we made an analysis of the aspects involving the neoliberal policies and their configurations in the socio-political scenario, followed by a discussion about Kindergarten and the professionals involved in this educational segment historically marked by the welfare state perspective. With this, the analyzed time frame comprises the years of 2010 to 2020, which justifies itself exactly because in 2010 there was a reconfiguration of Kindergarten in the country and in the municipality of Santarém, remaining in the year 2020, when this article was developed. The theoretical contributions are based on the conceptions of authors such as Mészaros (2002), Oliveira (2009), Saviani (2009), Antunes (2009), Marsiglia (2011), Fonseca, Colares and Costa (2018), as well as studies about neoliberal policies by Gérard Duménil and Dominique Lévy (2007). We also highlight authors who speak specifically about the precariousness of the teaching work in Kindergarten, such as Solimões (2005) Costa (2018) and Bertocelli (2006). The methodology used is based on bibliographic research, document surveys based on current legislation, elaborated and disseminated by the Ministry of Education - MEC; National Education Plan - PNE, LDB - Law No. 9.394/96; and the Municipal Laws governing education. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were done with five teachers from the Kindergarden municipal network, so we may have a dimension of how these current legislations affect the work of Kindergarden teachers. This set of sources served to verify that the educational policies in the decades, conceived under the logic of neoliberal policies, did not seek to value the last professionals of the first stage.