Proposta de unidade de ensino potencialmente significativa em radiação do corpo negro e efeito fotoelétrico
Date
2023-05-18Author
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8522116938295975
SOUSA, Haylan Cleiton Monteles de
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Show full item recordAbstract
Several works in the literature describe the diffiulties that students, specifially of high
school, face when approaching the contents of the discipline of Physics. Among these,
those related to Modern Physics, due to the level of abstraction and little contact with
everyday experiences, are objects of special learning complexity. In this context, we
present in this work the development of a sequence didactic that works more specifially
with the concepts of Black Body Radiation and Photoelectric Effect, applied with 3rd year
students of a technical course integrated to the High School of a Teaching Institution of
the Federal Brazilian Network. The overall objective of this work is to propose a facilitator
for the learning processes about radiation from the black body and the photoelectric
effect of high school students, through a Unit of Potentially Signifiant Teaching - UEPS.
The theoretical framework of learning used in the project is the Theory of Conceptual
Fields (CBT), whose author is Gérard Vergnaud. The focus of the project is a didactic
sequence, in which the methodology of teaching is based on Moreira’s UEPS and
data analysis is done through Analysis of Bardin’s Content, together with support from
the theoretical framework of CBT, to emphasize the possible operational invariants
expressed by students in interaction with problem situations. An educational product
was applied during the second half of 2022, from October to December, with the following
execution stages: interaction with virtual simulators, presentation by the professor of
proposed subjects, demonstration of experiments of physical concepts, resolution of
pencil and paper problems by the students, study of topics related to Radiation Black
Body and Photoelectric Effect. The following data collection instruments were used
during the application of the educational product: interview, answers to open questions,
recording video, audio recording and online form sent the link via Whatsapp. During the
fist meetings, the students were participating actively, but with time the participation of
the studentes decreased towards the end of the school semester. In the fist collection
of data, there is a demand for attention in understanding the effects that were happening
in the Black Body Radiation and Photoelectric Effect simulators. After exposition of
the subjects, the students were also very interested in the effects that occurred from
the experimental demonstration in the Physics laboratory. The main concepts in action
found in relation to the fial work were: black hole, radiation, energy, electromagnetic
waves and their characteristics, mass, temperature, heat, power, electrons and simple
electric circuit. It is expected that the results of this work and others within this context
will be increasingly accessible and read by teachers, thus generating good impacts on
the Teaching of FMC/MQ in the classroom. A future perspective would be to make a
deeper analysis of the operative invariants (concepts in action and theorems in action)
and compare them with the literature.