A luta Borari e Arapium por um território encantado no Rio Maró: autodemarcação e retomadas

Abstract

This thesis search to describe the autodemarcação and retomadas performed by the Borari and the Arapium people from the Indigenous Territory of Maró from 2007 forward. Through open interviews, spoken life histories and direct observation in loco, I was able to remark that this process, as consequence from the invasion of logging companies into the native lands of these groups from the early 2000’s on, fomented to amplify the group's control over their territory. The process described in this paper’s research contributes with the strengthening of the group's territoriality and traditional patterns of community living. The concepts and practices engaged by the group are results from both their own culture and the ones from Western societies. Those were articulated to fit the group's project of territorial integrity. To conclude this, the research come from the analysis of the attacks against the natives people's territorial rights since the beginning of the XXI century, especially the ones proposed in the PEC 215/00 and the 'Marco Temporal’ thesis. These legal and regulatory attacks are read as tools that seek to consolidate an economic program that is based on the productive expansion and export of agromineral commodities. As for Latin America and Brazil matters, this economic model is clearly expressed, respectively, in the IIRSA and the PAC. To understand the conflicts between capitalist territorial delimitation and native delimitation, I present a reflexion about the historical background of the territorial conflicts at the Tapajós region and the native reactions to colonization. I also analyse some of the most important aspects of the territoriality from the Maró natives. This study is crucial to understand the conflicts brought by the logging industry and to understand the self-demarcation and retakes on the indigenous territory of Maró, collating with other similar processes, emphasizing the aspects that may collaborate to their comprehension as native’s fights for territory.