Um estudo das funções discursivas de olha já no falar santareno sob a perspectiva da linguística funcional centrada no uso

Abstract

Knowing that the language reflects the culture of a specific people and through that social interaction occurs, the present work aims to investigate the use of the structure and to defend its construction in the speech of the inhabitants of the Western region of Pará, more precisely in the city of Santarém. This work is the continuation of a scientific initiation research (PIBIC), developed within the linguistic studies group of Western Pará - GELOPA. For this, we rely on Functional Linguistics Centered on Use, which aggregates the views of Functionalism and Cognitivism, mainly in its conception of language as dynamic and subject to usage pressures. Cunha (2016) states that language is a social activity and is subject to use, so the language is shaped and configured based on conviviality, the interaction between speakers, so, in this research we seek to analyze the expression olha já as constructional composition, from the perspective of Grammatica of Constructions. Considering that construction is a pairing of form and meaning, we researched what functions this form has been exercising in the speech of the people from Santarém. For the analysis, we used real speech data through a non-systematized corpus, constituted with 79 occurrences of the expression olha já, from the observation of informal conversations, and texts published on social networks, namely: WhatsApp and Facebook. From the analysis of these data, we detect that this expression has been performing the following functions in the Santarém‟s people speech; denial, disagreement, rebuke, astonishment, surprise, disbelief and dissatisfaction. After checking the olha já functions, we analyzed its form, using Machado's analysis parameters (2010, apud OLIVEIRA, 2015) for the form and sense poles implemented by Croft (2001, apud OLIVEIRA 2015), noting that the expression is a composition of [V + adv], being verb olhar + adverb of time, já. This form results in a very frequent use in santarém's speech, which empties itself of the lexical meaning of the parts, and generates other meanings for the expression olha já, when it appears in the context of verbal interaction, acting as a construction that performs the functions mentioned above.