Unidades básicas de saúde fluvial: desafios e potencialidades de oferta do acesso à saúde para populações ribeirinhas

Abstract

This study addresses the role of the Fluvial Basic Health Units (UBSF) in providing healthcare to riverside populations in the Amazon, analyzing their potential and challenges. The methodology consisted of a literature review, using the BVS, CNES, Datasus, and IBGE databases, with articles published between 2011 and 2024, in addition to an overview of the UBSF in Western Pará based on secondary data. Aspects such as infrastructure, service coverage, and the difficulties faced by healthcare professionals and users in riverside communities were analyzed. The results highlighted that UBSF are essential for expanding healthcare access in isolated regions by ensuring medical consultations, preventive exams, and immunizations. However, challenges such as a shortage of human resources, transportation difficulties, and lack of infrastructure compromise the effectiveness of these services. Academic experience in UBSF emerges as a strategy for retaining professionals, while specific public policies are necessary to ensure their sustainability and expansion. It is concluded that UBSF represent a significant advancement in the equity of the healthcare system but require continuous investments to overcome barriers and ensure quality care for riverside communities. This study contributes to the development of strategies to strengthen Primary Health Care in the region.