Promoção de saúde e inclusão social no envelhecimento: políticas públicas para idosos no Brasil

Abstract

Brazil has an average life expectancy of 79 years, and protecting the rights of the elderly is an essential responsibility of the State, implemented through public policies. This study analyzed Brazilian public policies for the elderly population between 2011 and 2021. An Integrative Literature Review (ILR) was conducted, with data extracted from the Virtual Health Library (VHL), using descriptors such as National Policy on Elderly Health, elderly, Integral Care for the Elderly, and Health Policy. Search criteria included Portuguese-language articles published from 2011 to 2021, with free online access. Data were organized and discussed in three main areas: policies, primary care, and elderly. The research identified weaknesses in social inclusion, technological autonomy, and labor market access. In primary care, health promotion and prevention were noted as main areas of focus, although challenges remain in accessing specialized services. Regarding comprehensive care, issues like violence and social abandonment still represent gaps. In summary, although there have been advancements, public policies for the elderly face implementation challenges due to regional diversity and structural limitations.