Méis de abelhas (Melipona scutellaris e Apis mellifera) no reparo tecidual de feridas cutâneas infectadas em ratos wistar (rattus novergicus albinus)

Abstract

In recent decades, studies have begun to analyze the therapeutic properties of honey, specifically in healing. Honey is a low-cost product, which facilitates access for the population. The objective of this research was to investigate the process of tissue repair of cutaneous wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus in Wistar rats through the application of honey. This was an experimental, interventional, quantitative, analytical, controlled and randomized study. The sample consisted of 30 rats of the species Rattus novergicus albinus of the Wistar lineage, male, allocated in 3 groups of 10 animals each, divided into 6 subgroups of 5 animals each: four experimental subgroups and two control subgroups. The groups had infected skin wounds with inoculation of 0.5 mL of suspension of a standard strain of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), standardized in the laboratory according to the Mc Farland scale, at a concentration of 1.5x108 CFU/mL. The experimental group was subdivided for application to two types of honey: Melipona scutellaris, named for the study as (M01) and the other sample of Apis mellifera (A01). Physical-chemical, biochemical and in vitro antimicrobial action analyzes were carried out on the honeys for the selection of the two samples. Sterile swabs were collected from the lesions, and the material was sown in Petri dishes to observe the infection induced by inoculation of the S. aureus suspension. After the euthanasia of the animals, the tissues were stained with Picro-sirius-red and Hematoxylin-eosin for histological analysis. In the antibacterial analysis, the results were satisfactory with the reduction of bacteria in the Petri dishes. In the macroscopic analysis, there was a reduction in the wound area in all groups, but the groups treated with honey showed significantly better differences in relation to the control group. In the evaluation of the mean intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, there was a reduction in the infiltrate in all groups, but there was no significant difference. In the collagen evaluation, the groups that received treatment with Apis and Melipona honeys showed a greater deposition of collagen fiber bundles, with a significant difference in relation to the control group. It is concluded that the groups treated with honey showed better results regarding the evaluation of the wound contraction area and the deposition of collagen fibers.