Carvão ativado e sua aplicação no tratamento de água: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Water, like the sun, is an indispensable natural resource for life on planet earth. However, the increasing expansion of urban centers, industries, agriculture and livestock has effectively contributed to the increase in the contamination of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Thus, a great concern arose in creating methods and techniques to promote the treatment of water increasingly efficient and activated carbon emerges as solution to this problem because it is a material with great adsorption capacity. Thus, the present study is justified when seeking to review the results of published studies on the efficiency of activated carbon when applied in water treatment. Therefore, this study aims to review the results of published studies on the efficiency of activated carbon when applied in water treatment. For the development of the study, a review of available literature on activated carbon and its application for water treatment was carried out between the beginning of 2000 and the end of 2017. A total of 30 publications were analyzed, of which 53% were articles and 27% were dissertations. Of the years with the highest percentage of publications, in 2009 and 2016, both publications had 16.7% of the publications, the Southeast and Sul appeared with 40% publications each, the most used precursor material was wood with 46.7%, the granulometry of activated carbon most cited in the study was at 100μm with 29%, activated charcoal of the granular type appears in 56% of publications, the type of water most treated by activated carbon was that of water supply with 16% and 67% of the publications stated that water treatment by activated carbon was efficient yes. Thus, a study made it possible to expand a little more understanding about the importance of activated carbon and its application in water treatment, in the same way that it was possible to identify that it needs to be carried out further research on this topic, as this will contribute to the improvement in water quality.