Desafios e perspectivas da iniciação científica no ensino médio a partir da experiência de estudantes do 1º ano de uma escola técnica

Abstract

This study analyzes the challenges and perspectives of Scientific Initiation (SI) in high school, focusing on the experience of first-year students at the Francisco Coimbra Lobato Technical School of the State of Pará (EETEPA), located in the municipality of Santarém (PA). Using a case study approach, the research involved document analysis of the Pedagogical Political Project (PPP) and the VI Science Fair notice, the application of questionnaires to 42 students, and a theoretical review. The results highlighted significant benefits of SI, such as increased interest in science and research (97.6%), encouragement of the scientific method, socio-emotional development, and practical skills. Additionally, 100% of students recognized its relevance in technical high school, and 97.6% emphasized its importance for academic and professional training. However, challenges were identified, including difficulties with the scientific method, teamwork, time management, and lack of motivation associated with limited prior experience. During project development, scientific writing and theoretical foundation were considered the most challenging stages, indicating the need for continuous pedagogical strategies throughout the academic year. It is recommended that scientific literacy be encouraged from elementary school to better prepare students for more advanced investigative practices. Thus, the need to expand support strategies and integrate the school community is evident to maximize the benefits of SI in high school.