Caracterização socioeconômica das comunidades de São Raimundo, São Pedro, Jatobá e Ponta de Pedras da área de proteção ambiental APA Alter do Chão, Santarém-PA, Brasil

Abstract

Conservation Units increasingly near urban centers represents an awakening of human beings in relation to nature as opposed to the economic development process fast and steady. Thus, this paper describes the historicity of creation of conservation units in Brazil, in general, and specifically the creation of APA Alter in Santarém / PA. To better characterize this UC, was set as objective to socioeconomic characterization of four communities selected this UC: St. Raymond, St. Peter, Jatoba and Ponta de Pedras, still checking the progress of the creation and management of APA in the context of development sustainable to Amazon. Therefore, the methodology used in the first chapter was published in bibliographic review of federal environmental agencies, the academic literature and articles related to the subject, followed by discussions with the authors referenced. In the second chapter, following the methodological line of chapter one, was presented the results of field research through the application of 25 questionnaires, covering a population of 83 families in four communities selected for study. The third chapter dealt with the resumption of the process of managing the APA. Therefore, we conducted five interviews with scripted as social actors, directors, representatives of civil society, local government, state and federal, and voluntary active participants involved in the management of the APA. While searching the lack of vision on the need to protect certain green areas, both by the government, as the company itself was evident. Regarding the socioeconomic characteristics of the APA that is evident is the fragility about the social organization and lack of information of the community, in addition to its numerous demands with regard to quality of life and its concern for environmental conservation. Regarding the resumption of the management process of the APA, it was its fragility, in some important respects. But even the APA being established in 2003 and its board manager, consolidated only in 2011, its management process begins to gain strength. The management council of the APA has taken a firm position as to enforce the law and entitled to its attributes, even with the difficulties, are able to perform actions, even if occasional, but of great value to enforce the law and carry out actions that are planned for medium and long term in order to make better management of UC.