Qualidade Habitacional, saneamento e saúde nas Comunidades/aldeias Tupinambá da Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns

Abstract

Adequate housing, access to sanitation and health are universal rights that must be provided in a fair and equitable manner, as they reduce the degree of vulnerability of the population. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the housing quality, the conditions of access to basic sanitation and health services for the residents of the communities/villages Muratuba, Mirixituba and Jaca of the Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve Conservation Unit. This study was developed under the project " Recuperação de áreas degradadas por incêndios florestais em comunidades/aldeias indígenas da Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns Santarém/ PA" financed by CNPq-Prevfogo/Ibama, notice nº 33/2018, coordinated by Prof. Dra. Ima Vieira of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi in partnership with the Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará. Thus, the collection of data for this study was possible through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire carried out in 2019 by the aforementioned project in three communities from the Tupinambá ethnic, thus, 35 interviews were conducted at random group, covering 30% of the families in the communities/villages Muratuba (24), Mirixituba (6) and Jaca (5). Data were tabulated in Excel spreadsheets (Microsoft Office) and later performed basic and descriptive statistical analyses. In addition, for the analysis of housing quality, conditions of access to basic sanitation and health services, 3 indicators and 6 variables were listed. The results showed that the 35 interviewees from the communities/villages declared themselves indigenous, that the housing quality in the communities/villages would be improved if there was the availability of electricity from the general network, in addition, the sanitary conditions are insufficient; what impacts on the health of residents, as well as access to health care, does not occur in an analogous way between the three communities/villages. Through the obtained results, it is possible to conclude different realities between the communities/villages, mainly with regard to housing conditions and access to public health.