Atividade anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva do óleo essencial de Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus L.

Abstract

The Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus L. (Priprioca) is a plant found in the Amazon region due to the biodiversity of plant species in this place and has become important source in the discovery of new drugs. Phytochemical studies carried out on essential oil have been identified from terpene compounds. Based on the presence of the compounds present in Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus L. grows the hypothesis of having anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity. Phytochemical study on essential oil identified the presence of terpene compounds. Considering the chemical compounds present in the essential oil of Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus (OECA) and ethnopharmacological application, the objective of the research was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of the essential oil of Cyperus articulatus var. nodosus in experimental models of inflammation and nociception in rats and mice. The botanical material was provided by the Research and Development Laboratory of bioactive natural products of UFOPA, which was collected in Tabocal region in the municipality of Santarém-PA, identified by Dr. Antônio Elielson Sousa da Rocha. The chemical characterization of the sample was carried out at the multidisciplinary center for chemical, biological and agricultural research of UNICAMP-SP. The assessment of acute oral toxicity was assessed according to OECD protocol 423/2001. The antinociceptive activity has followed the protocols of the Hot Plate, Abdominal Contortion and Formalin tests. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated with the Airbag and Evanz Blue tests. The chemical composition analysis indicated the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene ketones as major constituents of OECA. The safe dose is less than 2,000 mg / kg administered orally. It presents antinociceptive activity increasing the pain threshold induced by chemical substances (acetic acid and formalin) and thermal stimulation. Anti-inflammatory activity is observed, decreasing the exudate volume at the inflamed site as a consequence of the decrease in vascular permeability observed in the air bag and Evanz Blue test. The anti-inflammatory effect was also observed in the reduction of leukocyte migration in the air bag test. From the results obtained, we conclude that the essential oil of Cyperus articulatus L. var. nodosus, consists mainly of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. The safe dose is less than 2,000 mg / kg administered orally. OECA has antinociceptive activity increasing the pain threshold induced by chemical substances (acetic acid and formalin) and thermal stimulation. It presented anti-inflammatory activity, decreasing the exudate volume at the inflamed site as a consequence of the decrease in vascular permeability observed in the air bag and Evanz Blue test. The anti-inflammatory effect was also observed in the decrease of leukocyte migration in the air bag test.