Diagnóstico socioambiental e sanitário do Igarapé do Urumari, Santarém - Pará

Abstract

The Igarapé do Urumari is a water course of great importance for the municipality of Santarém, where it covers several neighborhoods of the urban area of the municipality contributing to the economic and social development of the population of its surroundings. The objective of this work is to elaborate a socioenvironmental and sanitary diagnosis in the surroundings of the Urumari microbasin to evaluate the impacts caused by the lack of basic sanitation and disorderly occupation of the environment, an area where the urban territorial expansion of the municipality has been occurring, emergence of new neighborhoods without basic infrastructures, and a reflection on the application of the principles of the basic sanitation aspects; drainage of rainwater, solid waste, water supply system and sewage system. The igarapé goes through several problems arising from anthropic action, causing great adversity of social, environmental and sanitary order. With the advance of disorderly occupation in Permanent Preservation Area (APP), unsuitable for buildings, due to environmental impacts, damage and degradation that are causing a landscape with great devastation in its course. In the water body and its ecosystem, several irregularities were found, such as stilt houses, waste dumps from septic tank, terraced areas for construction of houses, presence of sawmills, workshops, inadequate facilities. During the study, visits were made to the study area, with the application of questionnaires to the residents, in order to collect information relevant to the diagnosis. In what refers to the impacts caused by the anthropic action, several intercurrences were noted. In the tabulation of the results, there were major environmental impacts resulting from urbanization, such as lack of infrastructure, environmental awareness and knowledge of the population in relation to living with nature. It is necessary to implement environmental education projects in the surrounding areas, with emphasis on conservation of APP. It is concluded that priority is given to the intervention of public authorities, organized civil society, educational institutions and the community to carry out projects with policies focused on essential services such as health, education, infrastructure and accessibility.