Bioeconomia ecológica circular Tapajós-Arapiuns: co-criações inovadoras da comunidade de Anã na Amazônia Paraense

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the principles of ecological bioeconomy and the idea of circularity, based on the co-creations of the forest economy and socio-biodiversity, through experiments in an innovative ecosystem in the community of Anã, in the Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve, in the western region of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon. In order to understand the processes of the circular ecological bioeconomy, collaborative participatory action research (PAP) was applied, linked to the Climate-U international network project through the PRAXIS UFOPA research group, with on-site research in Anã in order to map the socio-productive chain activities adopted by the community farmers and diagnose the challenges of a circular ecological bioeconomy, making it possible to verify the dynamics of the potential of the standing forest and cultural diversity in the light of a circular ecological bioeconomy based on Georgescu-Roegen's bioeconomy. This research received a qualitative-quantitative treatment, with the researcher recording the process in a logbook, recording videos and images of the phenomenon, in collaboration with the team of researchers from the Climate-U PRAXIS UFOPA Project. For the production of data, two questionnaires were used as instruments (Citizen's Agenda and Climate-U), the latter applied as a structured interview, addressing the activities of traditional socio-productive chains (artisanal fishing and family farming) and those considered innovative (Meliponiculture, Pisciculture, Community-based tourism and Wood handcraft) and climate change; the Affective Maps and Mandala of Knowledge methodologies were also applied to the bioeconomy training processes, with an emphasis on the socio-environmental and socio-economic perception of the producers in their chains and in the community. As for the in-depth interview, the questionnaire addressed the benefits, challenges, impacts and innovation of the activities of these initiatives, based on the principles of circular ecological bioeconomy. The research participants were primarily community members from Anã who are part of family groups integrated into production chains and community leaders. Content Analysis (Bardin, 2011) was used to process the data. The results showed the contributions of the Climate-U PRAXIS UFOPA instruments as formative catalysts for community bioeconomy in tackling climate change; the continuous evolution of Anã's socio-productive chains towards a community-based bioeconomy based on knowledge of nature and the potential of the standing forest; the significant socio-environmental perception of community makers in the face of local and global challenges; and the representativeness of Wood handcraft in recognizing the circular ecological perspective of the forest in their entrepreneurial practices, proving their innovation based on circular ecological principles. Considered to be a new global scientific paradigm in sustainable development, although it is under constant critical observation by the scientific community on the multifaceted purposes of the bioeconomy, a fact that motivated this research, the innovative and collaborative object of study was confirmed, evidenced by the co-creative experiences of a circular ecological bioeconomy revealed in one of the socio-productive chains studied and its relevance to the socio-environmental, socio-ecological, socio-economic and biocultural processes in the community of Anã, from the parameters of a sustainable and inclusive bioeconomy, contextualized to traditional peoples and the appropriate infrastructures in the complex Amazon biome