Lago do Maica: atenção e intenções - uma análise sobre a construção do porto graneleiro

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the complexity involved in the construction of the bulk port at Lake Maicá in Santarém/PA. In this work, we address the intention of the Brazilian Por Company of Santarém (Embraps) to build a private port terminal in the Lake Maicá region, as a logistical strategy to reduce the cost of soy transport. The centrality is in the attention that this type of enterprise arouses among the affected communities, as well as the intentions that frame this agrarian/agricultural economic model that exports commodities inprogress. This is a case study, whose research was developed using a qualitative approach. Since the beginning of the 2000, with the implementation of the multinational Cargill port, Santarém has experienced the expansion of soybean monocultures. This advance in agribusiness, however, does not occur without resistance. Social movements, quilombola communities, riverside communities and indigenous peoples who inhabit the Maicá region took a stand against the release of the area for port facilities. The epicenter of this dispute became the process of reviewing the Municipal Master Plan of Santarém, which took place in 2017, whose main point of discussion was the planning of Lake Maicá. Although the construction of the bulk port in Maicá was vetoed in the spaces of popular participation, the soybean entrepreneurs managed to coordinate a maneuver with the legislative and executive powers of Santarém in order to ensure that the regulation of Lake Maicá was approved in the Maser Plan as port area. We conclude, therefore, that the Santarém Master Plan Review Process demonstrated the fragility of this legislative instrument, as it was not capable of safeguarding the constitutional principle of democratic management and popular participation as indispensable elements of a fair governance system and that be at the service of the common good. On the other hand, it also showed that the population and social movements are very aware of the future project they want for their territory, their city, their municipality. A future that is built in the present with engagement and social struggle. With an alliance of workers in the fields, forests, waters and urban areas. With political disputes that are not always fair, but that highlight the resistance of the Amazonian peoples.